Naltrexone: What It Is and How It Works

If you’ve heard the name Naltrexone tossed around in a doctor's office or on a forum, you’re probably wondering what it actually does. In plain terms, Naltrexone is a medication that blocks the effects of opioids and reduces cravings for alcohol. It’s an opioid antagonist, which means it sits on the same brain receptors as drugs like heroin or prescription painkillers but doesn’t activate them. The result? If someone tries to use an opioid while on Naltrexone, they won’t feel the usual high.

Because of this blocking action, doctors often prescribe Naltrexone for two main reasons: helping people stay sober from alcohol and preventing relapse in those recovering from opioid addiction. It’s not a cure‑all, but it can be a solid tool when combined with counseling or other support programs.

When Doctors Prescribe Naltrexone

For alcohol dependence, the typical dose is 50 mg taken once a day. Studies show many patients notice fewer cravings and can stick to sobriety longer when they keep a steady routine. In opioid use disorder, the medication comes in two forms: the same daily pill (50 mg) or a long‑acting injection called Vivitrol, which lasts about a month. The injection is handy for folks who struggle with daily reminders.

Before starting Naltrexone, doctors will usually run an opioid test to confirm you’re clean – it won’t work if opioids are still in your system and can even cause withdrawal. They’ll also check liver function because the drug is processed by the liver; anyone with severe liver disease might need a different approach.

How to Take It Safely

The key is consistency. Take Naltrexone at the same time each day, preferably with food to avoid stomach upset. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s almost time for your next one – then just skip the missed pill and continue on schedule.

Common side effects are mild: nausea, headache, dizziness, or a feeling of fatigue. These usually fade after a few days. More serious issues like liver trouble are rare but worth monitoring; if you notice yellowing skin, dark urine, or persistent abdominal pain, call your doctor right away.

Alcohol and Naltrexone can mix, but the medication is meant to help you drink less, not block alcohol completely. If you decide to have a drink, keep it moderate and watch for any unusual reactions.

Lastly, avoid mixing Naltrexone with other opioid medications – even a single dose of codeine or hydrocodone can cause intense withdrawal symptoms. Always tell every healthcare provider that you’re on Naltrexone so they won’t prescribe conflicting drugs.

In short, Naltrexone is a practical option for many people battling alcohol or opioid dependence when used correctly and under medical supervision. Pair it with therapy, stay consistent with dosing, and keep an eye on your liver health – you’ll give yourself the best shot at lasting recovery.